Risk Management


Overview

Risk management is central to the integrity and longevity of the Mynt (USDm) protocol. As an over-collateralized CDP stablecoin system inheriting Ethereum's security, USDm is exposed to multiple categories of risk—both internal and external. The protocol is designed with built-in mitigations, layered security, and modular control mechanisms to reduce exposure to loss, depegging, or insolvency.


8.1 Risk Categories

A. Collateral Risk

• Volatility: If collateral assets like MON, aprMON, or shMON suffer a sharp price drop, vaults may become undercollateralized.

• Liquidity: Some assets may lack deep markets, making liquidation inefficient or slow.

• Derivative Depegs: Liquid staking tokens (LSTs) may trade below their underlying due to validator risk or liquidity crises.

Mitigations:

• Security Operators and the Liquidity threshold

• Conservative LTVs and liquidation thresholds

• Dynamic debt ceilings per asset

• Strict listing criteria and oracle integration


B. Oracle Risk

• Incorrect Price Feeds: Malfunctioning or manipulated oracles could misrepresent asset prices.

• Delayed Updates: Stale prices may prevent timely liquidations or enable minting under false conditions.

Mitigations:

• Primary reliance on Pyth Network, which uses high-frequency publisher data

• Confidence interval checks and staleness thresholds

• Potential for fallback oracles (e.g., RedStone or TWAP modules)


C. Smart Contract Risk

• Exploits and Vulnerabilities: Bugs in the vault system, liquidation logic, or oracle handling could be exploited.

• Upgrade Bugs: Faulty contract upgrades could introduce unexpected behavior.

Mitigations:

• Formal third-party audits pre-launch and post-launch

• Modular, well-reviewed architecture

• Upgradeability only via secure multisig

• Bug bounty programs (to be launched)


D. Liquidation Risk

• Underperformance: Poor incentives or oracle lag can delay liquidations, risking bad debt.

• Auction Congestion: In volatile markets, too many liquidations at once may cause a cascade.

Mitigations:

• Instant liquidations (vs. slow auctions)

• Liquidation bonuses and gas subsidies for liquidators

• Partial liquidation architecture


E. Governance or Admin Risk

• Multisig Compromise: Keys controlling core parameters could be compromised.

• Parameter Misconfiguration: Errors in setting LTVs, penalties, or ceilings could destabilize the system.

Mitigations:

• Secure Gnosis Safe multisig with trusted signers

• All actions are on-chain and publicly verifiable

• Gradual decentralization plan to reduce reliance on multisig over time


F. Stablecoin Peg Risk

• Depegging: USDm may trade off-peg due to market imbalance, liquidity issues, or mass liquidations.

• Low Liquidity: Poor market depth can cause volatility in USDm price.

Mitigations:

• Threshold maintainance.

• Peg arbitrage via mint/burn flows

• Protocol-Owned Liquidity (PoL) pools seeded at launch

• Dynamic stability fees (future upgrade)


8.2 System-Wide Monitoring

The protocol will monitor:

• Vault health across all collateral types

• Total protocol-wide collateral ratio

• USDm minting pressure

• Oracle deviation logs

• Pending and ongoing liquidations

This monitoring will be automated via subgraphs or indexers and exposed via a public dashboard.


8.3 Emergency Measures (Safeguards)

The protocol includes emergency mechanisms to defend against extreme events:

• Mint Pause: Temporarily disable new minting

• Oracle Override: Set fixed prices if oracles are attacked

• Vault Freeze: Halt operations for specific collateral types

• Safe Mode: Restrict redemptions or vault access in the event of protocol breach

These actions are tightly scoped and only callable by multisig under strict thresholds.


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